Mugihe inganda zo hirya no hino ku isi zikoresha automatisation na digitifike, gukenera ibisubizo bikomeye, byizewe kandi bikora neza byiyongera cyane. Guhindura imiyoboro yinganda byahindutse ibice byingenzi mubice bitandukanye, byorohereza itumanaho ridasubirwaho no guhererekanya amakuru hagati ya sisitemu igoye. Yashizweho kugirango ihangane n’ibidukikije bikaze, aba bahindura bafite uruhare runini mugukora neza imikorere yinganda. Hano, turasesengura bimwe mubyingenzi byingenzi bikoreshwa aho imiyoboro yinganda zinganda zigira ingaruka nini.
1. Gukora ubwenge no gukora inganda
Mubihe byinganda 4.0, gukora ubwenge bishingiye cyane cyane ku guhanahana amakuru nyayo hagati yimashini, sensor na sisitemu yo kugenzura. Urusobekerane rwinganda zinganda rushoboza itumanaho ritanga umuvuduko mwinshi, umuvuduko muke wihuse mubikorwa byose. Ihinduranya ryerekana neza amakuru adahwitse yamakuru akomeye, bigafasha kugenzura neza no kugenzura inzira zikora. Byongeye kandi, bashyigikira ibintu byateye imbere nka VLANs na QoS (Ubwiza bwa Serivisi), nibyingenzi mugushira imbere amakuru-yigihe mugihe cyibidukikije.
Urugero: Mu gukora ibinyabiziga, guhinduranya imiyoboro yinganda zihuza intwaro za robo, imirongo yiteranirizo, hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura ubuziranenge kugirango bishoboke guhuza hamwe nigihe nyacyo cyo guhindura imikorere.
2. Urwego rwingufu ningirakamaro
Urwego rwingufu n’ibikorwa bisaba imiyoboro y’itumanaho yizewe kandi yizewe kugira ngo icunge amashanyarazi, insimburangingo n’amasoko y’ingufu zishobora kubaho. Ihuriro ryinganda zinganda zujuje ubuziranenge nka IEC 61850 zigira uruhare runini muguharanira umutekano no gukora neza. Zitanga uburyo bukomeye bwo guhuza ibice, bigafasha kugenzura no kugenzura igihe cyamashanyarazi, bifasha mukwirinda umwijima no gukomeza gutanga amashanyarazi.
Urugero: Muri sisitemu ya gride yubwenge, imiyoboro yinganda ihuza inganda zitandukanye za sensor hamwe nibikoresho bigenzura kugirango byoroherezwe gukwirakwiza ingufu no guhuza ingufu zishobora kubaho.
3. Gutwara abantu na gari ya moshi
Mu rwego rwo gutwara abantu, cyane cyane muri sisitemu ya gari ya moshi, guhinduranya imiyoboro y’inganda ni ngombwa kugira ngo habeho itumanaho ryizewe hagati y’imikorere itandukanye nko gutangaza ibimenyetso, sisitemu y’amakuru y’abagenzi no gukurikirana. Ihinduramiterere ryakozwe kugirango rihangane no kunyeganyega, ihindagurika ryubushyuhe hamwe nimbogamizi ya electromagnetique ikunze kuboneka mubidukikije. Kubahiriza ibipimo nka EN 50155 byemeza ko izo switch zishobora gukora neza mubihe bigoye.
Urugero: Guhindura imiyoboro yinganda muri gari ya moshi ihuza sisitemu yo mu ndege nka kamera za CCTV, abagenzi Wi-Fi hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura kugirango ibikorwa bikore neza kandi neza.
4. Inganda za peteroli na gaze
Inganda za peteroli na gaze zikorera mubidukikije bigoye cyane, harimo urubuga rwo hanze hamwe n’ahantu hacukurwa. Urusobekerane rwinganda zikoreshwa muriki gice rugomba kuba rushobora guhangana nubushyuhe bukabije, ubushuhe nibihe byangirika mugihe utanga imiyoboro yizewe. Izi sisitemu ningirakamaro mugukurikirana no kugenzura ibikorwa byo gucukura, kurinda umutekano no kunoza imikorere.
Urugero: Kurubuga rwo gucukura peteroli yo hanze, imiyoboro yinganda zihuza ibyuma bitandukanye hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura kugirango hamenyekane igihe nyacyo cyo kugenzura ibikorwa byo gucukura no kurinda umutekano n’imikorere yubucukuzi.
5. Kubaka automatike n'umutekano
Inyubako zigezweho, zaba iz'ubucuruzi cyangwa izituye, ziragenda zifite ibikoresho byubwenge bigenzura amatara, HVAC, umutekano no kugenzura. Urusobekerane rwinganda zikoreshwa mugukora inkingi yizi sisitemu yo gukoresha ibyuma, bitanga itumanaho ryizewe kandi ryizewe hagati yibikoresho na sisitemu zitandukanye. Bafite kandi uruhare muri sisitemu yumutekano ihuriweho, guhuza kamera zo kugenzura, gutabaza hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura.
Urugero: Mu nyubako zi biro zubwenge, imiyoboro yinganda zihuza inganda zihuza sisitemu ya HVAC, kugenzura amatara, hamwe na kamera yumutekano kurubuga rwubuyobozi bukuru, bigafasha gukoresha ingufu neza no kongera umutekano.
6. Gutunganya amazi n’amazi
Inganda zitunganya amazi n’ibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi y’amazi bisaba imiyoboro ikomeye kandi yizewe yo kugenzura no kugenzura inzira kuva kuyungurura kugeza ku miti. Urusobekerane rwinganda zitanga umurongo ukenewe muribi bikorwa, byemeza kohereza amakuru nyayo kuva kuri sensor na sisitemu yo kugenzura neza imikorere.
Urugero: Mubikorwa byo gutunganya amazi mabi, imiyoboro yinganda zihuza ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma bifata ibyuma byangiza ibidukikije.
7. Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro n'inganda ziremereye
Inganda zikora ubucukuzi zikorera ahantu habi kandi hitaruye, kandi imiyoboro yitumanaho yizewe ningirakamaro kumutekano no gukora neza. Urusobekerane rwinganda zikoreshwa muguhuza ibikoresho, sensor hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura, bitanga amakuru nyayo yingirakamaro kubikorwa byubucukuzi bwizewe kandi bunoze. Izi sisitemu zigomba kuba zihagije kugirango zihangane n’imiterere mibi isanzwe y’ubucukuzi.
Urugero: Mubikorwa byubucukuzi bwamabuye y'agaciro, abahindura imiyoboro yinganda bahuza ibikoresho byubucukuzi, sisitemu yo kugenzura no kugenzura umutekano kugirango ibikorwa neza n'umutekano w'abakozi.
mu gusoza
Guhindura imiyoboro yinganda nintwari zitavuzwe mubikorwa byinganda bigezweho, bitanga umusingi wurusobe rwitumanaho rwizewe, rwizewe kandi rukora neza murwego rwose. Kuva mu nganda kugera ku mbaraga, ubwikorezi bugana mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, ibyo bikoresho bikomeye bituma urujya n'uruza rw'amakuru adahwema, bituma sisitemu igoye ikora nta nkomyi. Mugihe inganda zikomeje kwakira automatisation na digitifike, uruhare rwimihindagurikire yinganda zizamuka gusa, bikabagira uruhare rukomeye mugukurikirana imikorere myiza, umutekano, no guhanga udushya.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-22-2024
