Gutohoza Itandukaniro Muri ONU, ONT, SFU, na HGU.

Iyo bigeze kubikoresho byabakoresha kuruhande mugukoresha fibre fibre, dukunze kubona amagambo yicyongereza nka ONU, ONT, SFU, na HGU. Aya magambo asobanura iki? Ni irihe tandukaniro?

1. ONU na ONT

Ubwoko bwibanze bwa porogaramu ya Broadband optique ya fibre igera harimo: FTTH, FTTO, na FTTB, nuburyo bwibikoresho byabakoresha kuruhande biratandukanye muburyo butandukanye bwo gusaba. Ibikoresho byabakoresha kuruhande rwa FTTH na FTTO bikoreshwa numukoresha umwe, witwa ONT (Umuyoboro wa optique, umuyoboro wa optique), kandi ibikoresho byuruhande rwa FTTB bisangiwe nabakoresha benshi, byitwa ONU (Optical Network Unit, optique umuyoboro).

Umukoresha uvugwa hano yerekeza kumukoresha wishyurwa wigenga na nyirubwite, ntabwo umubare wamagambo yakoreshejwe. Kurugero, ONT ya FTTH isangiwe na terefone nyinshi murugo, ariko umukoresha umwe gusa arashobora kubarwa.

2. Ubwoko bwa ONT

ONTnicyo dukunze kwita modem optique, igabanijwemo SFU (Igice cyumuryango umwe, umuryango umwe ukoresha umuryango), HGU (Urugo rwumuryango, urugi rwumuryango) hamwe na SBU (Igice kimwe cyubucuruzi, ishami ryumukoresha umwe).

2.1. SFU

Muri rusange SFU ifite interineti ya 1 kugeza kuri 4 ya Ethernet, interineti ya 1 kugeza kuri 2 ihamye, kandi moderi zimwe na zimwe zifite interineti ya kabili. SFU ntabwo ifite imikorere yinzu yo murugo, kandi itumanaho ryonyine rihuza icyambu cya Ethernet rishobora guhamagara kugirango ugere kuri enterineti, kandi imikorere ya kure irakomeye. Modem optique ikoreshwa mugice cyambere cya FTTH ni iya SFU, ikoreshwa gake ubu.

2.2. HGUs

Modem optique ifite ibikoresho bya FTTH yafunguwe mumyaka yashize yose ni HGU. Ugereranije na SFU, HGU ifite ibyiza bikurikira:

(1) HGU ni igikoresho cyo mu marembo, cyorohereza imiyoboro yo murugo; mugihe SFU nigikoresho cyohereza mucyo, kidafite ubushobozi bwamarembo, kandi mubisanzwe bisaba ubufatanye bwibikoresho byo mumarembo nka router yo murugo murugo.

(2) HGU ishyigikira inzira yo kuyobora kandi ifite imikorere ya NAT, nigikoresho cya layer-3; mugihe ubwoko bwa SFU bushigikira gusa uburyo bwo guhuza ibiraro-2, bingana na switch-2.

. mugihe SFU igomba guhamagarwa na mudasobwa yumukoresha cyangwa terefone igendanwa cyangwa ikoresheje inzira yo murugo.

(4) HGU yoroshye kubikorwa binini no gucunga neza.

Ubusanzwe HGU izana na WiFi kandi ifite icyambu cya USB.

2.3. SBUs

SBU ikoreshwa cyane cyane kubakoresha FTTO, kandi muri rusange ifite interineti ya Ethernet, kandi moderi zimwe zifite interineti ya E1, umurongo wa interineti, cyangwa imikorere ya wifi. Ugereranije na SFU na HGU, SBU ifite imikorere myiza yo kurinda amashanyarazi no guhagarara neza, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mugihe cyo hanze nko kureba amashusho.

3. Ubwoko bwa ONU

ONU igabanijwemo MDU (Igice cya Multi-Gutura, igice gituwe n'abantu benshi) na MTU (Igice cya Multi-Tenant, igice-gikodesha).

MDU ikoreshwa cyane cyane mugushikira abakoresha benshi batuye munsi yubwoko bwa porogaramu ya FTTB, kandi muri rusange ifite byibuze intera 4 zabakoresha kuruhande, mubisanzwe hamwe na 8, 16, 24 FE cyangwa FE + POTS (terefone ihamye).

MTU ikoreshwa cyane cyane muburyo bwo kugera kubakoresha imishinga myinshi cyangwa ama terminal menshi muruganda rumwe murwego rwa FTTB. Usibye interineti ya Ethernet hamwe na terefone ihamye, irashobora kandi kuba ifite E1; imiterere n'imikorere ya MTU mubusanzwe ntabwo bisa nkibya MDU. Itandukaniro, ariko imikorere yo gukingira amashanyarazi nibyiza kandi ituze iri hejuru. Hamwe no kumenyekanisha FTTO, ibintu byo gusaba bya MTU bigenda biba bito kandi bito.

4. Incamake

Broadband optique fibre igera cyane cyane ikoresha tekinoroji ya PON. Iyo uburyo bwihariye bwibikoresho byabakoresha kuruhande bidatandukanijwe, ibikoresho byabakoresha kuruhande rwa sisitemu ya PON birashobora kwerekanwa hamwe nka ONU.

ONU, ONT, SFU, HGU… ibyo bikoresho byose bisobanura ibikoresho byumukoresha-uruhande rwogukoresha umurongo mugari uturutse impande zitandukanye, kandi isano iri hagati yabo irerekanwa mumashusho hepfo.