Mw'isi igenda itera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga, udushya tumwe na tumwe tugaragara nk'ibihe by'ingenzi bihindura imiterere y'itumanaho rya sisitemu. Kimwe muri ibyo bishya ni imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro, igikoresho cyingirakamaro mu mishinga n’inganda. Kurema imiyoboro ya rezo yaranze ihinduka rikomeye muburyo amakuru yoherezwa no gucungwa, bivamo imiyoboro ikora neza, nini kandi yizewe. Iyi ngingo iracengera mu nkomoko yo guhinduranya imiyoboro n'ingaruka zayo zikomeye ku miyoboro igezweho.
Inkomoko y'urusobekerane
Igitekerezo cyo guhinduranya imiyoboro cyagaragaye mu ntangiriro ya za 90 hasubijwe ko ibintu bigenda byiyongera kandi bigakenera imiyoboro ya mudasobwa. Mbere yo kuvumburwa kwabo, imiyoboro yashingiraga cyane cyane ku masoko n'ibiraro, nubwo, nubwo byari byiza, byari bifite aho bigarukira, cyane cyane mubijyanye n'ubunini, gukora neza, n'umutekano.
Kurugero, hub nigikoresho cyoroshye cyohereza amakuru kubikoresho byose kurusobe, utitaye kubigenewe. Ibi biganisha kumurongo, kutagira icyo ukora, nibishobora guhungabanya umutekano kuko ibikoresho byose byakira paki zose, ndetse nibitari ibyabo. Ikiraro cyatanze iterambere mukugabanya umuyoboro mubice, ariko ntibishobora gukemura ibibazo byiyongera byamakuru cyangwa gutanga igenzura risabwa numuyoboro ugezweho.
Amaze kumenya izo mbogamizi, abapayiniya bahuza imiyoboro bashakaga igisubizo gishobora gucunga amakuru yimikorere neza. Ubu bushakashatsi bwatumye habaho iterambere ryambere rya enterineti, ibikoresho byashoboraga gusa kuyobora paki yamakuru aho bigenewe, bitezimbere cyane imikorere yumutekano numutekano.
umuyoboro wambere
Umuyoboro wa mbere watsindiye ubucuruzi bwatangijwe mu 1990 na Kalpana, isosiyete nto ihuza abantu. Ivumburwa rya Kalpana ryari igikoresho kinini cyakoresheje ikoranabuhanga ryitwa "frame switching" kugirango yereke paki ku byambu byihariye ukurikije aho yerekeza. Ibi bishya bigabanya cyane urujya n'uruza rwamakuru rutari rukenewe kuri neti, rutanga inzira yo gutumanaho byihuse kandi byizewe.
Umuyoboro wa Kalpana wamenyekanye cyane kandi intsinzi yayo yakuruye ibitekerezo. Cisco Systems, umukinnyi ukomeye mubikorwa byurusobe, yaguze Kalpana mumwaka wa 1994 kugirango yinjize tekinoroji yo guhinduranya umurongo wibicuruzwa. Kugura kwaranze intangiriro yo kwamamara kwinshi kumurongo wa interineti.
Ingaruka kurubuga rugezweho
Kwinjiza imiyoboro ya rezo yahinduye imiyoboro muburyo butandukanye:
Kongera imikorere: Bitandukanye na hub ikwirakwiza amakuru kubikoresho byose, ihuriro ryohereza gusa amakuru kubikoresho byihariye bikeneye. Ibi bigabanya cyane urusobe rwumurongo kandi bigufasha gukoresha neza umurongo mugari.
Umutekano wongerewe imbaraga: Mugucunga imigendekere yamakuru, switch igabanya amahirwe yo gufata amakuru, itanga urusobe rwumutekano kurushaho.
Ubunini: Guhindura imiyoboro ituma hashyirwaho imiyoboro minini, igoye, ituma amashyirahamwe apima ibikorwa remezo bya digitale bitabangamiye imikorere.
Inkunga ya tekinoroji igezweho: Guhindura imiyoboro byahindutse kugirango bigendane niterambere ryikoranabuhanga, bishyigikira igipimo cyihuse cyo kohereza amakuru, Imbaraga hejuru ya Ethernet (PoE), hamwe nubushobozi buhanitse bwo gucunga imiyoboro.
Ubwihindurize bwumuyoboro uhindura
Guhindura imiyoboro byahinduye ubwihindurize kuva byatangira. Kuva kumurongo wibanze wa Layeri 2 ikora amakuru yoroshye yohereza kumurongo wambere wa Layeri 3 zirimo ubushobozi bwo kuyobora, tekinoroji ikomeje gutera imbere kugirango ihuze ibyifuzo byiterambere rya kijyambere.
Uyu munsi, imiyoboro y'urusobekerane ni ntangarugero mu mikorere yikigo, imiyoboro yimishinga, hamwe n’ibidukikije. Bashyigikira ibintu byinshi bya porogaramu, kuva guhuza ibikoresho bya IoT no guha ingufu inyubako zifite ubwenge, kugeza kuri enterineti yihuta kandi ikorohereza kubara ibicu.
Urebye ejo hazaza
Mugihe tugenda tugana mubihe byo guhindura imibare, uruhare rwabahindura imiyoboro ruzakomeza guhinduka. Hamwe na 5G, computing compte na enterineti yibintu (IoT), gukenera ibisubizo bikomeye kandi byoroshye byurusobe biziyongera gusa. Guhindura imiyoboro bifite ubushobozi bwo guhangana nibi bibazo bishya kandi bizakomeza kuba ku isonga ryiri terambere, byemeza ko amakuru ashobora kugenda neza, umutekano kandi neza muri iyi si yacu igenda ihuzwa.
mu gusoza
Ivuka rya rezo ya enterineti ni amazi menshi mumateka yitumanaho rya digitale. Yahinduye uburyo amakuru acungwa no koherezwa kumurongo, ashyiraho urufatiro rwimiyoboro yateye imbere, nini kandi itekanye twishingikirije uyumunsi. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, abahindura imiyoboro nta gushidikanya bazagira uruhare runini mugushinga ejo hazaza h’isi yose.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-28-2024
