Sobanukirwa Itandukaniro Hagati yo Guhindura na Router

Mwisi yisi, ibikoresho bibiri byibanze bikunze kugaragara: guhinduranya na router. Nubwo byombi bigira uruhare runini muguhuza ibikoresho, bifite imikorere itandukanye murusobe. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yibi byombi birashobora gufasha ubucuruzi nabantu kugiti cyabo guhitamo neza mugihe cyo kubaka cyangwa kwagura ibikorwa remezo byabo.

Uruhare rwumuyoboro
Guhindura imiyoboro ikora mumurongo waho (LAN) kugirango uhuze ibikoresho byinshi, nka mudasobwa, printer, na kamera za IP. Igikorwa cyayo nyamukuru nugukora itumanaho ryiza hagati yibi bikoresho mu kuyobora amakuru aho yerekeza neza murusobe.

Abahindura berekana ibikoresho kumurongo ukoresheje aderesi ya MAC (Media Access Control). Iyo igikoresho cyohereje amakuru, uhinduranya cyane cyane kubyo yagenewe aho kuyatanga kuri buri gikoresho gihujwe. Ubu buryo bugamije gufasha kubungabunga umurongo no kongera umuvuduko wurusobe, bigatuma ihinduka ryiza kubidukikije byamakuru menshi nkibiro, amashuri nibigo byamakuru.

Uruhare rwa router
Bitandukanye na switch, igarukira kumurongo umwe, router ikora nkikiraro hagati yimiyoboro itandukanye. Murugo rusanzwe cyangwa ubucuruzi, router ihuza umuyoboro waho na enterineti. Ikora nk'irembo riyobora amakuru yinjira kandi asohoka, yemeza ko amakuru ava kuri interineti agera ku gikoresho gikwiye muri LAN naho ubundi.

Inzira zikoresha aderesi ya IP (Internet Protocole) kugirango yohereze amakuru hagati y'urusobe. Bakora ibikorwa byinshi kuruta guhinduranya, harimo guha aderesi ya IP kubikoresho biri murusobe, gucunga umutekano wurusobe, no gutanga firewall.

Itandukaniro ryingenzi Hagati yo Guhindura na Router
Hano haravunitse itandukaniro nyamukuru hagati yibikoresho byombi:

Imikorere n'urwego:

Hindura: Ikorera mumurongo umwe waho, guhuza ibikoresho no koroshya guhana amakuru hagati yabo.
Inzira: Ihuza imiyoboro itandukanye, mubisanzwe ihuza umuyoboro waho kuri interineti no gucunga amakuru yimodoka no kuva hanze.
Sisitemu yo kubariza:

Hindura: Koresha aderesi ya MAC kugirango umenye kandi ushyikirane nibikoresho. Ubu buryo ni bwiza cyane mugucunga amakuru murusobe rufunze.
Inzira: Koresha aderesi ya IP kugirango uhuze amakuru hagati yimiyoboro, ningirakamaro mu itumanaho rya interineti no kugera ku miyoboro yo hanze.
Guhuza amakuru no kohereza amakuru:

Hindura: wohereze amakuru kubikoresho byihariye murusobe, bituma amakuru yimbere agenda neza.
Inzira: Guhuza amakuru mumiyoboro inyuranye, kwemeza ko amakuru agera aho yerekeza, haba mumurongo waho cyangwa hanze y'urusobe.
Ibiranga umutekano:

Guhindura: Mubisanzwe ufite amahitamo yibanze yumutekano, yibanda kumicungire yimbere. Nyamara, imiyoboro icungwa itanga ibintu byumutekano byateye imbere nka VLAN (virtual LAN) igice no gushyira imbere ibinyabiziga.
Inzira: Ifite umutekano wumutekano nka firewall, NAT (Guhindura Aderesi ya Network), kandi rimwe na rimwe inkunga ya VPN. Ibi bifasha kurinda umuyoboro iterabwoba ryo hanze no kwinjira utabifitiye uburenganzira.
Koresha imanza:

Guhindura: Nibyiza kubidukikije aho ibikoresho byinshi bigomba kuvugana murusobe rumwe, nkibiro, amashuri, hamwe nibigo byamakuru.
Inzira: Ibyingenzi muguhuza umuyoboro wawe waho nu miyoboro yo hanze, nka interineti, kuyigira igikoresho cyingenzi murugo hamwe nubucuruzi.
Ukeneye byombi?
Kubintu byinshi byashizweho, birasabwa guhinduranya na router. Mumuyoboro usanzwe murugo, router ihuza ibikoresho byawe na enterineti, hanyuma uhindura (haba muri enterineti cyangwa gutandukana) uyobora imiyoboro hagati yibikoresho kumurongo umwe. Kuri entreprise nibidukikije binini, guhinduranya byabugenewe akenshi bikoreshwa mugukoresha neza traffic traffic, mugihe router iyobora ihuriro hagati ya LAN na interineti yagutse.

mu gusoza
Guhindura hamwe na router bikorera hamwe kugirango habeho umuyoboro udafite umurongo kandi unoze, hamwe na buri cyuho cyuzuza inshingano zihariye. Guhindura byorohereza itumanaho murusobe ruyobora amakuru kubikoresho byihariye, mugihe router icunga imiyoboro yo hanze, ihuza imiyoboro ya interineti na interineti no kurinda urujya n'uruza rwamakuru. Mugusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yibi bikoresho byombi, urashobora gufata ibyemezo byinshi byerekeranye nibikorwa remezo byurusobe kandi ukemeza ko bihuye numuyoboro wawe hamwe numutekano wawe.

Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, abahindura na router bagenda barushaho kuba abahanga mubushobozi bwabo, bigaha ubucuruzi nabantu kugiti cyabo kugenzura imikorere numutekano byurusobe rwabo.