Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati ya switch na router

Mu miyoboro yisi, ibikoresho bibiri byibanze bikunze kugaragara: guhinduranya naba router. Nubwo byombi bigira uruhare runini muguhuza ibikoresho, bafite imirimo itandukanye murusobe. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yombi rirashobora gufasha ubucuruzi nabantu kugiti cyabo bahitamo neza mugihe wubaka cyangwa wagura ibikorwa remezo.

Uruhare rw'urusono
Umuyoboro ufata urusobe rukora mumiyoboro yaho (LAN) kugirango uhuze ibikoresho byinshi, nka mudasobwa, printer, na kamera ya IP. Imikorere nyamukuru ni uguhuza neza hagati yibi bikoresho ukoresheje amakuru aho ugana murusobe.

Guhindura kwerekana ibikoresho kumurongo ukoresheje Mac (kugenzura itangazamakuru). Iyo igikoresho cyohereje amakuru, guhinduranya imbere byumwihariko kubagenerwa aho kuba ibitangaza byose. Ubu buryo bwagenewe bufasha kubungabunga umurongo no kongera umuvuduko wumuyoboro, gukora intego nziza kubidukikije bigezweho nkibiro byinshi nkibirori, amashuri nibigo byamakuru.

Uruhare rwa Router
Bitandukanye na switch, bigarukira kumurongo umwe, ibikorwa bya router bikorwa nkikiraro hagati yimiyoboro itandukanye. Murugo rusanzwe cyangwa ibikorwa byubucuruzi, router ihuza umuyoboro waho kuri enterineti. Ikora nk'irembo ryinjira kandi risohoka, tumenyesha neza ko amakuru kuva kuri interineti agera ku gikoresho gikwiye muri lan na ubundi.

Routers Koresha IP (interineti ya interineti) kuri aderesi imbere hagati yimiyoboro. Bakemura imikorere yagutse kuruta guhisha, harimo no gutanga aderesi ya IP kubikoresho biri murusobe, gucunga umutekano wumuyoboro, no gutanga uburinzi bwa firewall.

Itandukaniro ryingenzi hagati ya switch na router
Dore gusenyuka kw'itandukaniro nyamukuru hagati y'ibikoresho byombi:

Imikorere n'Urugero:

Hindura: ikora kumurongo umwe waho, ibikoresho bihuza no koroshya guhanahana amakuru hagati yabo.
Router: ihuza imiyoboro itandukanye, mubisanzwe bihuza umuyoboro waho kuri enterineti no gucunga amakuru ya data kuri no kuva hanze.
Kugeza kuri sisitemu:

Hindura: Koresha aderesi ya MAC kugirango umenye no kuvugana nibikoresho. Ubu buryo ni bwiza cyane bwo gucunga amakuru atemba mumurongo ufunze.
Router: ikoresha aderesi ya IP kumanota hagati yimiyoboro, ingenzi kugirango itumanaho rya interineti no kugera kumiyoboro yo hanze.
Kurongora amakuru n'amakuru yohereza:

Hindura: Kohereza amakuru kubikoresho byihariye murusobe, kora amakuru yimbere akora neza.
Router: Inzira yamakuru mumiyoboro itandukanye, kureba niba amakuru agera aho yerekeza, haba mumurongo waho cyangwa hanze yumuyoboro.
IBIKORWA BY'UMUTEKANO:

Guhindura: Muri rusange ufite amahitamo yibanze, yibanda ku micungire y'imbere. Ariko, yayobowe ni ibintu bimwe byingenzi byumutekano nka VLAN (LOCHOLL) gutandukanya no gushyira imbere umuhanda.
Router: Yubatsemo ibintu byumutekano nka firewall, Nat (Ubusobanuro bwa aderesi ya aderesi), kandi rimwe na rimwe inkunga ya VPN. Ibi bifasha kurinda urusobe rwiterabwoba ryo hanze hamwe no kugera kuburenganzira.
Koresha Imanza:

Guhinduranya: Nibyiza kubidukikije aho ibikoresho byinshi bigomba kuvugana murusobe rumwe, nkibiro, amashuri, nibigo byamakuru.
Router: Ibyingenzi muguhuza umuyoboro waho nuduhuzagure, nka interineti, kubigira igikoresho cyingenzi murugo nubucuruzi.
Ukeneye byombi?
Kubikoresho byinshi, guhinduranya na router birakenewe. Murugo rusanzwe, router ihuza ibikoresho byawe kuri enterineti, hamwe na switch (byombi byinjijwe muri router cyangwa gutandukana) gucunga isano iri hagati yimiyoboro imwe. Kubishinga n'ibidukikije binini, byihariye bikoreshwa mugukoresha neza traffic yimbere, mugihe router ifite isano hagati ya LAN na interineti yagutse.

Mu gusoza
Guhindura hamwe na routers bikorana kugirango bikore urusobe rudafite ubudodo kandi rukora neza, hamwe na buri mwuka uhindura inshingano runaka. Guhindura uburyo bwo kwerekana itumanaho murusobe ukoresheje amakuru kubikoresho byihariye, mugihe imiyoboro ikemura imiyoboro yo hanze, guhuza imiyoboro yaho kuri enterineti no kurinda urujya n'uruza. Mugusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yibi bikoresho byombi, urashobora gufata ibyemezo byinshi bijyanye nibikorwa remezo byurusobe kandi ko bihura no guhuza ibikorwa byawe numutekano ukeneye.

Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, guhinduranya n'abaziga barushagaho kuba byinshi mubushobozi bwabo, butanga ubucuruzi nabantu bashinzwe kugenzura byinshi mumikorere n'umutekano wimiyoboro yabo.