Mu isi, imbuga na router hamwe na router bafite uruhare runini muguhuza imirongo idafite ikiruhuko no gucunga neza amakuru. Ariko, imikorere yabo nibisabwa akenshi ntibisobanuka nabi. Iyi ngingo igamije gusobanura itandukaniro riri hagati yurusobe rwabahubatsi na router kandi rufasha murugo nabacuruzi bafata ibyemezo byuzuye kubikorwa remezo byabo.
Gusobanura urusobe rwabatswe na router
Umuyoboro:
Guhindura umuyoboro nigikoresho gihuza ibikoresho byinshi mumurongo waho (LAN).
Yorohereza kugabana umutungo mugutanga ibikoresho byo gushyikirana.
Guhindura bikora kuri data ihuza igice (Igice cya 2) cyicyitegererezo cya Osi, ukoresheje aderesi ya Mac kuri interineti igana.
router:
Router ihuza imiyoboro myinshi nibipaki bitaziguye hagati yabo.
Ishyigikiye itumanaho hagati yimiyoboro itandukanye, nko guhuza urugo cyangwa imiyoboro yo mu biro kuri enterineti.
Routers ikora kumurongo wa Network (Igice cya 3) cyicyitegererezo cya Osi no gukoresha aderesi ya IP kugirango habeho amakuru aho ujya.
Itandukaniro ryingenzi hagati ya switch na router
1. Imikorere n'uruhare
Hindura: Byinshi bikoreshwa muguhuza ibikoresho murusobe rumwe. Bashobora kwimura amakuru neza nitumanaho hagati yibikoresho byahujwe nka mudasobwa, icapiro na seriveri.
Router: ikoreshwa muguhuza imiyoboro itandukanye. Bacunga amakuru yumuhanda hagati yimiyoboro hamwe namakuru ataziguye kuva kumurongo umwe ujya mubindi, nkumuyoboro wurugo kuri enterineti.
2. Gukwirakwiza amakuru
Hindura: Koresha aderesi ya MAC kugirango umenye aho ujya mumirongo yaho. Ibi bituma ibikoresho byo gushyikirana bitaziguye bidakenewe umurongo wa roho.
Router: ikoresha aderesi ya IP kugirango umenye inzira nziza yamakuru yo gutembera hagati yimiyoboro. Bakurikirana amakuru ashingiye kuri aderesi zurusobe, menyesha ko amakuru agera aho yerekeza, haba mumurongo waho cyangwa kuri enterineti.
3. Segmention
Hindura: Vlans nyinshi (imiterere yubuso bwakarere) irashobora gushingwa kurubuga rwa segment murusobe rumwe. Ibi bifasha kunoza umutekano no gucunga ubushobozi.
Router: irashobora guhuza imirongo itandukanye hamwe na traffic hagati yabo. Ni ngombwa kugirango itumanaho hagati ya VLAN-VLAN rihuza ibice bitandukanye.
4. Gucunga umutekano no gucunga umuhanda
Hindura: Itanga ibintu byibanze byumutekano nka adresse ya mac kuyuzuzanya na vlan Segmentation. Ariko, ntibatanga ingamba z'umutekano zateye imbere.
Router: itanga ibiranga umutekano birimo firewall, inkunga ya VPN, na Nat (Ubusobanuro bwa aderesi). Ibi biranga birinda urusobe rwiterabwoba hanze no gucunga neza ibinyabiziga neza.
5. Gukoresha Imanza
Guhindura: Birakomeye kuba yarambuye umuyoboro ahantu hamwe. Mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mubiro, amazu nibigo byamakuru kugirango uhuze ibikoresho no gutabara neza.
Router: Ni ngombwa muguhuza imiyoboro myinshi no gutanga interineti. Mubisanzwe bikoreshwa murugo, ubucuruzi, hamwe nimiyoboro itanga serivisi kugirango ishobore gucunga amakuru no kureba neza guhuza.
Ingero zo gukoresha switches na router
Umuyoboro murugo:
Hindura: ihuza ibice bitandukanye nka mudasobwa, TV ya SMART, numukino wa Commoles mumurongo wurugo. Menya neza ko ibikoresho byose bishobora gushyikirana no kugabana umutungo nkacapa nibikoresho byo kubika.
Router: ihuza umuyoboro wo murugo kuri enterineti. Gucunga urujya n'uruza hagati y'urugo rwawe hamwe na serivisi yawe ya interineti (ISP), itanga ibintu nk'imikorere ya Wi-Fi, DHCP, n'umutekano binyuze mu firewall.
Umuyoboro muto wubucuruzi:
Hindura: ihuza ibikoresho byo mu biro nka PC, icapiro, ip terefone, seriveri, nibindi.
Router: ihuza umuyoboro wo mu biro kuri enterineti hamwe nizindi mbuga za kure. Itanga imiterere yumutekano nka VPN kumutekano wa kure no kurinda firewall hejuru yumurongo.
Umuyoboro w'ibigo:
Guhindura: Byakoreshejwe muburyo bunini bwo gufatanya kugirango uhuze amagana cyangwa ibihumbi mubikoresho byinshi mumashami atandukanye cyangwa hasi. Gushyigikira ibintu byateye imbere nka Vlans kubice bya Network na Qos (Ubwiza bwa serivisi) kugirango ushyire imbere traffic.
Router: Guhuza Ibibanza byo mu biro bidahwitse hamwe n'ibigo byamakuru kugirango ubone itumanaho ryizewe, rizeze mu miryango yose. Gucunga protocole igoye kandi itanga ibintu byumutekano byateye imbere kugirango birinde amakuru yunvikana.
Mu gusoza
Gusobanukirwa inshingano zitandukanye n'imikorere yo guhinduranya urusobe hamwe na router ni ngombwa kugirango wubake, umutekano. Guhindura ni ngombwa kubitutsi byimbere, mugihe imiyoboro yimbere muguhuza imiyoboro itandukanye no gucunga imigenzo hagati yabo. Mugutanga imbaraga z'ibikoresho byombi, abakoresha barashobora gukora ibisubizo bikomeye byo guhuza imiyoboro kugirango bahuze ibyo bahuriza. I Todahike, dutanga imirongo myinshi yo hejuru hamwe na router kugirango igufashe kubaka ibikorwa remezo byuzuye murugo rwawe cyangwa ubucuruzi.
Igihe cyohereza: Jul-10-2024
