Mwisi yikoranabuhanga, ibikoresho bibiri muri rusange birahagarara: guhinduranya no kubikorwa. Mugihe amagambo yombi akunze gukoreshwa muburyo bumwe, guhinduka hamwe na router bikina inshingano zitandukanye mubikorwa remezo byurusobe. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro ni ngombwa kubantu bose bashaka kubaka umuyoboro wizewe kandi unoze, haba murugo cyangwa ubucuruzi.
Umuyoboro ni uwuhe? Umuyoboro uhinduranya ukorera mukarere kamwe (LAN), uhuza ibikoresho byinshi nka mudasobwa, icapiro, na ip terefone. Ifite inshingano yo gucunga itumanaho muri uru rusobe, ikomanura ibikoresho kugirango dusangire amakuru nta soamute. Guhindura bikora kuri data ihuza igice (Igice cya 2) cyicyitegererezo cya Osi, ukoresheje Mac (kugenzura itangazamakuru) kugirango tumenye ibikoresho. Ibi bituma uhinduranya amakuru muburyo bukwiye murusobe rumwe, wirinde urujya n'uruza rudakenewe kandi rwiyongera. Guhindura birashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi: guhinduranya imyandikire - Guhindura byibanze ntamahitamo yiboneza, byiza kumahitamo mato asaba guhuza byoroshye. Gucungwa - Iterambere ryambere ryemerera imiyoboro y'urusobe, harimo n'imiyoboro yakarere), ubwiza bwa serivisi (QOS), no gushyira imbere mu muhanda, bituma bikwiranye n'insanganyamatsiko ikenewe, asabwa cyane. Router ni iki? Guhinduranya bifata urujya n'uruza ruvuga murusobe rumwe, mugihe routers ihuza imiyoboro itandukanye. Kurugero, muburyo busanzwe murugo, router ihuza umuyoboro waho kuri enterineti, ukora nkumugereka uri hagati ya LAN nisi yagutse. Routers ikora kumurongo wa Network (Igice cya 3) cyicyitegererezo cya Osi, ukoresheje aderesi ya IP kumanota hagati yimiyoboro, kugena inzira nziza kubipaki hanyuma ubiyobore. Imyitozo ngororeyo zibiranga nka firewalls, ibisobanuro bya aderesi ya Network (Nat), kandi rimwe na rimwe inkunga ya VPN, bikaba ngombwa ko ari ngombwa kugirango ubone imiyoboro yo hanze no gucunga amasano. Muburyo bunini, routerfasha guhuza imiyoboro myinshi, nko guhuza ibiro bitandukanye cyangwa gukora imiyoboro itandukanye mu nyubako. Itandukaniro ryingenzi hagati yimpimbano na router reka dusuzume bimwe mubice byingenzi hagati yimpimbano hamwe na router: imikorere: Gukora muburyo bumwe bwo mu itumanaho ryimbere. Router: Huza imiyoboro myinshi (nka lan kuri enterineti cyangwa imiyoboro itandukanye y'ibiro), gucunga amakuru yo hanze n'amajwi yo hanze na Imbere. Gukoresha amakuru: Guhindura: Koresha aderesi ya Mac kugirango umenye amakuru hanyuma uyishyikirize igikoresho gikwiye murusobe rumwe. Router: Koresha aderesi ya IP kugirango ubone inzira hagati yimiyoboro, urebe ko amakuru agera aho yerekeza, haba imbere cyangwa hanze. Ibiranga umutekano: Hindura: Mubisanzwe itanga umutekano wibanze, ariko ucunge uduce turashobora gushiramo ibiranga VLAN KURI KURINDA. Router: itanga urwego rwohejuru rwumutekano hamwe na firewall yubatswe, Nat, na rimwe ubushobozi bwa VPN, kurinda umuyoboro utabifitiye uburenganzira. Igikoresho cyo guhuza ibikoresho: Hindura ibikoresho bihuza ibikoresho (nka mudasobwa na printer) murusobe rumwe, byorohereza kugabana amakuru no gutumanaho. Router: ihuza imiyoboro itandukanye, ihuza Lans kuri enterineti, kandi ituma ibikoresho byo kubona ibikoresho byo hanze. Imanza zisanzwe zikoreshwa: Hindura: Bikunze gukoreshwa mubidukikije aho itumanaho ryimbere rinenga, nkibiro cyangwa amashuri. Router: Ibyingenzi muguhuza imiyoboro yaho kuri enterineti cyangwa guhuza ibice bitandukanye byurusobe mumishinga minini. Ukeneye byombi? Mubihe byinshi, umuyoboro uzungukirwa na switch na router. Munzu murugo, router isanzwe irashobora gushiramo imikorere yubatswe, itanga umurongo wa interineti hamwe na-igikoresho kuri-igikoresho murusobe rumwe. Ariko, mubidukikije byubucuruzi hamwe numuyoboro munini kandi utoroshye, uhindagurika hamwe na router bigakoreshwa muguhitamo imikorere no kugenzura, muburyo. VarorantHicengches na router buri wese agira uruhare rwihariye mubikorwa remezo byurusobe. Guhindura kwibanda kumurongo imbere, gushiraho inzira zifatika mumurongo waho, mugihe imiyoboro ishinzwe guhuza imiyoboro hamwe no kuyobora traffic hagati yabo na interineti. Mugusobanukirwa ibi bitandukana, urashobora kubaka umuyoboro wujuje ibyo ukeneye, uringaniza umuvuduko, umutekano, no guhuza. Mugihe umuyoboro ukura witerambere ryikoranabuhanga, ufite uburenganzira bwo guhinduranya hamwe na router birashobora gufasha kwemeza neza abakoresha urugo nubucuruzi. Hamwe nibikoresho byiza, uzagira umuyoboro wizewe kandi uteye imbere witeguye kuzuza ibyifuzo byigihe cyo kuyobora.
Igihe cyohereza: Nov-15-2024
