Niki Igice cya 2 nu murongo wa 3 Guhindura?

Mumuyoboro, gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati ya Layeri 2 na Layeri 3 ni ngombwa mugushiraho ibikorwa remezo neza. Ubwoko bwombi bwo guhinduranya bufite ibikorwa byingenzi, ariko bikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bitewe nurusobe rusabwa. Reka dusuzume itandukaniro ryabo nibisabwa.

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Guhindura 2 ni iki?
Igice cya 2 guhinduranya gikora kuri Data Ihuza rya moderi ya OSI. Yibanze ku kohereza amakuru mumurongo umwe waho (LAN) ukoresheje aderesi ya MAC kugirango umenye ibikoresho.

Ibintu byingenzi biranga Layeri 2 guhinduranya:

Koresha aderesi ya MAC kugirango wohereze amakuru kubikoresho bikwiye muri LAN.
Ibikoresho byose mubisanzwe byemerewe kuvugana mubwisanzure, bukora neza kumurongo muto ariko birashobora gutera ubwinshi muburyo bunini.
Inkunga ya Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) yo gutandukanya imiyoboro, kunoza imikorere numutekano.
Igice cya 2 cyahinduwe nibyiza kumurongo muto udakenera ubushobozi bwo kuyobora.

Guhindura 3 ni iki?
Igice cya 3 guhinduranya gihuza amakuru yoherejwe kumurongo wa 2 uhinduranya hamwe nubushobozi bwo kuyobora inzira y'urusobekerane rwa moderi ya OSI. Ikoresha aderesi ya IP kugirango yerekane amakuru hagati yimiyoboro itandukanye cyangwa subnets.

Ibintu byingenzi biranga Layeri 3 guhinduranya:

Itumanaho hagati yimiyoboro yigenga igerwaho no gusesengura aderesi ya IP.
Kunoza imikorere mubidukikije binini ugabanya umuyoboro wawe kugirango ugabanye amakuru adakenewe.
Inzira zamakuru zirashobora gutezimbere ukoresheje inzira ya protocole nka OSPF, RIP, cyangwa EIGRP.
Igice cya 3 cyahinduwe gikoreshwa mubidukikije aho VLAN nyinshi cyangwa subnets bigomba gukorana.

Igice cya 2 nu murongo wa 3: Itandukaniro ryingenzi
Igice cya 2 cyahinduwe gikora kumurongo wamakuru kandi bikoreshwa cyane cyane kugirango wohereze amakuru murusobe rumwe rushingiye kuri aderesi ya MAC. Nibyiza kumurongo muto waho. Ku rundi ruhande, umurongo wa 3 uhindura, ukorera kumurongo wurusobe kandi ukoreshe aderesi ya IP kugirango uhuze amakuru hagati yimiyoboro itandukanye. Ibi bituma bahitamo neza kubidukikije binini, bigoye urusobe rwibidukikije bisaba itumanaho hagati ya subnets cyangwa VLANs.

Ninde Ukwiye Guhitamo?
Niba umuyoboro wawe woroshye kandi waho, icyerekezo cya Layeri 2 gitanga ikiguzi cyiza kandi cyoroshye. Kumiyoboro minini cyangwa ibidukikije bisaba gukorana muri VLANs, icyerekezo cya Layeri 3 nicyifuzo cyiza.

Guhitamo iburyo bwizeza amakuru yoherejwe kandi ategura umuyoboro wawe mugihe kizaza. Waba ucunga umuyoboro muto wubucuruzi cyangwa sisitemu nini yimishinga, gusobanukirwa Layeri 2 na Layeri 3 birashobora kugufasha gufata icyemezo kibimenyeshejwe.

Hindura uburyo bwo gukura no guhuza: hitamo neza!


Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-24-2024